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Moscrif language uses an extended and a modified version of the ECMAScript (JavaScript version 1.x). More detailed information about the ECMAScript's extentions and modifications are available in this document.
Code embeding
Moscrif uses new keyword include to embed an external source code. It's also possible to use #include instead of include, which should be appreciated by a C, C++ and-or Objective-C developers.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
include "app://file.js"; |
You can specify 3 different places of a source code:
-
"app://" - points to a root application folder, it's read-only
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"lib://" - points to a framework (libraries) folder, it's read-only
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"dat://" - points to a special application folder with read/write permissions
Note: "app://" and "lib://" folders are read-only. Writable file must be stored in "dat://" folder according to mobile operation system' security policy.
Logging
Console logging is the easiest way how to track the code while debugging. You can write any string value into the console by using one like code snippet.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
document.write("message");
cosole.log("message");
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console.printf("message\n");
console.printf("formatted %d\n", 10);
console << "message\n";
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Classes
Moscrif uses first-level classes with a constructor(s) and a properties and also supports the class inheritance. Moscrif's classes are similar to C++, C# or Java classes.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
function Hello(name) {
this.name = name;
}
hello.prototype.say = function() {
return "Hello " + this.name;
}
var test = new Hello("world");
document.write(test.say());
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class Hello {
function this(name) {
this.name = name;
}
function say() {
return "Hello " + this.name;
}
}
var test = new Hello("world");
console << test.say();
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Variables and Constants
Moscrif uses the variables the exactly same way as JavaScript does with an addition of constants that were implemented.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
var str = "String";
var num = 1;
// constants are not implemented
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var str = "String";
var num = 1;
const MAX_NUM = 100;
const MASK_OK = 1 << 20;
const STRING_CONST = "token";
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Default parameters
Even though the pure JavaScript supports default parameters, its usage is not as straightforward as default parameters from other languages. Therefore, Moscrif uses these the same way as Java or C++ does.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
function hello(name, greeting) {
greeting = greeting || "Hello";
return greeting + ", " + name;
}
console.log(hello("John"));
// Hello, John
console.log(hello("John", "Ahoy"));
// Ahoy, John
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function hello(name, greeting = "Hello") {
return greeting + ", " + name;
}
console << hello("John") << "\n";
// Hello, John
console << hello("John", "Ahoy") << "\n";
// Ahoy, John
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Exceptions
Exceptions are used to trap the errors in the application preventing the app for crashing.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
throw new Error("Invalid argument");
// ... or ...
throw "Invalid argument";
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throw "Invalid argument";
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Class extentions
Extension methods enable you to "add" methods to existing types without creating a new derived type, recompiling, or otherwise modifying the original type.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
String.prototype.hello = function()
{
return "Hello, " + this.toString();
}
var name = "John";
document.write(name.hello());
// Hello, John.
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String.hello = function()
{
return "Hello, " + this.toString();
}
var name = "John";
console << name.hello() << "\n";
// Hello, John.
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Symbols
Moscrif introduces new type called symbols - auto enum values declared in place of usage. Internally symbols are numbers associated to a names. The symbol starts with # character and can contain alphabets, numbers, underscore, plus or minus characters.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
// symbols aren't implemented
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var align = #left;
console << align << "\n";
if (align == #right)
console << "Mission imposible\n";
if (align == #left || align == #right)
console << "Alignment is valid\n";
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Numbers, Integers and Floats
JavaScript has only one numeric type represented by class Number. Moscrif recognizes Integer and Float types separately to be more convenient for mobile development.
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
// JavaScript has Number only
var num1 = 10;
var num2 = 10 / 3;
num1 instance of Number; // true
num2 instance of Number; // true
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// Moscrif has Interers and Floats
var int1 = 10;
var int2 = 10 / 3;
var int3 = 10 % 3;
int1 instanceof Integer; // true
int2 instanceof Integer; // true
int2 instanceof Float; // false
int2 instanceof Integer; // true
var flt1 = 1.0;
var flt2 = 10 / 3.0;
flt1 instanceof Float; // true
flt1 instanceof Integer; // false
flt2 instanceof Float; // true
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Strings and Chars
Moscrif bring characters from C/C++/ObjectiveC/Java world. Character is an integer that represents exactly one (unicode) character. Practically 'A' is 65, as it's known from many other languages. JavaScript's strings can start with both " and ' characters. Moscrif's string can start with " or `, but ' is used to specity character (an integer) not a string!
| JavaScript |
Moscrif |
|
// use both ' and " for strings
var str1 = "Text";
var str2 = 'Text';
str1 instance of String; // true
str2 instance of String; // true
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// use " and ` for strings, ' for chars
var str2 = "Text";
var str2 = 'Text'; // Error: Bad syntax : Expecting a closing single quote
str1 instance of String; // true
// chars are integers!
var ch1 = 'A'; // integer
ch1 instance of String; // false
ch1 instance of Intger; // true
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